Cloud2016 是的，只是在有必要的情况下（条件：系统是 Linux、~/bin/tlmgr 存在但通过 Sys.which() 找不到或者找到的不是它），临时调整 PATH，编完了再恢复。

    yihui
    我本身除了 TinyTeX 之外没有装任何 TeX，使用 zsh，之前把 TinyTeX 路径自己加在~/.zshrc。
    刚刚从~/.zshrc中PATH设置中去掉 TinyTeX 。然后：

    devtools::install_github('yihui/tinytex')
tinytex::install_tinytex(force=TRUE)

    重新安装。安装一切顺利。
    之后直接打开 RStudio：

    R >>> library(tinytex)
R >>> Sys.getenv('PATH')
[1] "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games"
R >>> tinytex::is_tinytext()
Error: 'is_tinytext' is not an exported object from 'namespace:tinytex'

    不管，直接打开测试的在R Markdown文档中使用中文.Rmd编译。报错：

    pandoc: xelatex not found. xelatex is needed for pdf output.
Error: pandoc document conversion failed with error 41
Execution halted

    貌似还是路径问题？找不到 xelatex。还是我配置问题？

    但是测试编译xelatex('xxx.tex')文件是可以的，但是 RStudio 打开 tex 文件再点击 Compile PDF 还是提示找不到 XeLaTeX:

    Unabled to find specified LaTeX program 'XeLaTeX' on the system path

    所以如果要用 knitr还需要另外配置？

    另外：

    R >>> tlmgr_update()
tlmgr update --all --self
tlmgr: package repository http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified)
sh: 1: fmtutil-sys: not found
R >>> tlmgr_search('fmtutil-sys')
tlmgr search --file --global 'fmtutil-sys'
tlmgr: package repository http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified)
tetex:
	texmf-dist/doc/man/man1/fmtutil-sys.1
	texmf-dist/doc/man/man1/fmtutil-sys.man1.pdf
	texmf-dist/scripts/texlive/fmtutil-sys.sh
tetex.amd64-freebsd:
	bin/amd64-freebsd/fmtutil-sys
tetex.amd64-netbsd:
	bin/amd64-netbsd/fmtutil-sys
tetex.armel-linux:
	bin/armel-linux/fmtutil-sys
tetex.armhf-linux:
	bin/armhf-linux/fmtutil-sys
tetex.i386-cygwin:
	bin/i386-cygwin/fmtutil-sys
tetex.i386-darwin:
	bin/i386-darwin/fmtutil-sys
tetex.i386-freebsd:
	bin/i386-freebsd/fmtutil-sys
tetex.i386-linux:
	bin/i386-linux/fmtutil-sys
tetex.i386-netbsd:
	bin/i386-netbsd/fmtutil-sys
tetex.i386-solaris:
	bin/i386-solaris/fmtutil-sys
tetex.powerpc-darwin:
	bin/powerpc-darwin/fmtutil-sys
tetex.powerpc-linux:
	bin/powerpc-linux/fmtutil-sys
tetex.sparc-solaris:
	bin/sparc-solaris/fmtutil-sys
tetex.win32:
	bin/win32/fmtutil-sys.exe
tetex.x86_64-cygwin:
	bin/x86_64-cygwin/fmtutil-sys
tetex.x86_64-darwin:
	bin/x86_64-darwin/fmtutil-sys
tetex.x86_64-darwinlegacy:
	bin/x86_64-darwinlegacy/fmtutil-sys
tetex.x86_64-linux:
	bin/x86_64-linux/fmtutil-sys
tetex.x86_64-solaris:
	bin/x86_64-solaris/fmtutil-sys

    这个？

        JackieMe 你需要

        devtools::install_github(c('yihui/tinytex', 'rstudio/rmarkdown'))

        另外，是 tinytex:::is_tinytex() 而不是 tinytex::is_tinytext()。

            yihui OK。install_github之后可以编译 Rmd 文件了。
            tinytex::is_tinytex()命令去掉了是吧？

                19 天 后

                yihui

                code.tex 文件内容如下：

                \documentclass{ctexart}
\usepackage{minted}

\title{R语言}
\author{某某}

\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{数据描述}

\begin{minted}{c}
int main() {
	printf("hello, world");
	return 0;
}
\end{minted}

\begin{minted}{python}
def boring(args = None):
	pass
\end{minted}

\begin{minted}{r}
require(stats) # for lowess, rpois, rnorm
plot(cars)
lines(lowess(cars))
plot(sin, -pi, 2*pi) # see ?plot.function
## Discrete Distribution Plot:
plot(table(rpois(100, 5)), type = "h", col = "red", lwd = 10,
     main = "rpois(100, lambda = 5)")
## Simple quantiles/ECDF, see ecdf() {library(stats)} for a better one:
plot(x <- sort(rnorm(47)), type = "s", main = "plot(x, type = \"s\")")
points(x, cex = .5, col = "dark red")
\end{minted}

\mint{python}|import this|

\end{document}

                使用 minted 包的tex文件，需要在编译的时候使用-shell-escape参数，如果使用 tinytex::xelatex，不知道如何传这个参数？如果不能传递，谢大大是否可以再添加 args 选项让用户自己传递类似上述 -shell-escape 参数？

                system2('xelatex', args = '-shell-escape code') # 没问题，但是要运行几遍才有目录索引

tinytex::xelatex(file = 'code.tex') 

# I was unable to find any missing LaTeX packages from the error log code.log.
# ! Package minted Error: You must invoke LaTeX with the -shell-escape flag.
# 
# Error: Failed to compile code.tex. See code.log for more info.
# In addition: Warning message:
#   running command '"xelatex" -halt-on-error -interaction=batchmode "code.tex"' had status 1

                    Cloud2016 安装 Github 上最新版的 tinytex 包 devtools::install_github('yihui/tinytex')，然后

                    tinytex::xelatex('code.tex', engine_args = '-shell-escape')

                    应该就可以了。如果懒得每次都敲这个，可以设置全局选项：

                    options(tinytex.engine_args = '-shell-escape')

                    然后 tinytex::xelatex('code.tex')。

                    另外我建议你少花点时间折腾 minted 包。据我观察，你正在一步一步重复蹚我年少时蹚过的浑水，LaTeX 真的很浪费时间，投入产出严重不成比例。这种语法高亮的问题还是用 R Markdown 算了，Pandoc 已经把事情都给办好了。如果你真的闲得慌，我可以给你找一堆更有意义的事情来做。

                        yihui 你还说！要不是你鼓捣出来个 bookdown，我早就跟 LaTeX 决裂了！

                            yihui 我在折腾学校的latex模版，还是先立足做好tex而不是R Markdown或者bookdown之类的模版，其实即使模版出来了，也没几个人会用，可见意义不大，只是自己有点强迫症，既然开始了就想做完做到自己满意。

                            谢大大可以列一个有意义的事件表，闲得慌的时候可以看看，如果力所能及还可以动动手

                                dapengde 没办法，你是包的开发者，所以你注定要下地狱啃这块硬骨头，目的是为了让你的用户不必再啃它。

                                Cloud2016 如果你能把 R Markdown 套在学校的 LaTeX 模板上，那将会是一件非常有意义的事情，这事要是能办成，我愿意给你连续发一个星期的红包。单纯只是做出一个 LaTeX 模板并没有太大意义，因为那是把事情复杂化（疯狂自定义环境和命令）；更有意义的事情是把事情简单化，让用户一个 LaTeX 命令都看不到，还能站在 LaTeX 肩膀上把论文给写了。打倒学术界的排版（包括学校论文的排版）是我的人生目标之一。做这件事就是在 R Markdown 的强约束条件下求最优解（只有有限可用的元素），也就要求你克制自定义 LaTeX 命令和环境；“要做什么”不难，“不做什么”才难。

                                    yihui 问题能重现，可是我不会修复，谢大大太瞧得起我啦

                                    只要不用R Notebook输出html就没关系，警告信息不随html/PDF文件走

                                    学校的模板比较奇葩，如参考文献格式还是国标2005版（现在是2015版），模板风格都是很多年前的，还有很多细节要调整 <https://github.com/XiangyunHuang/CUMTB-Master-Thesis>

                                      最近尝试了下 docker 发现 cboettig 大人已经在 rocker 里整合了 tinytex，一个完整的 verse 镜像 915.6MB，而没有 tex 支持的 tidyverse 镜像是 666MB ，解压后可能大些，但作为包含IDE的完整数据分析环境来分发做可重复性研究已经没什么问题了，甚至可以把 rticles 写的论文都包进去分发，后续看要不要也把 xaringan 包进去，这样就从分析到写作到演讲一条龙服务了。

                                      ps: 一个临时的小问题是 rmarkdown 的 CRAN 版本还没更新，直接用服务器版 RStudio 上的 knit 按钮编不出来，要么在 Dockerfile 里装 rmarkdown 的 github 版本，要么就是不用按钮，用 tinytex::pdflatex('asdf.tex') 直接去编译 tex 文件，或者就是等 CRAN 上的更新

                                        yufree 我计划下周把 rmarkdown 发 CRAN，到时候就可以正式昭告天下了：至少对 R 用户来说，LaTeX 问题至此基本全剧终。

                                          yihui 我试了下科大的镜像似乎 https 也可以，但有个小问题，帮助文件里 uninstall_tinytex(force = FALSE, dir = texlive_root()) 的 texlive_root() 函数没有导出，得用 tinytex:::texlive_root() 才能用

                                              yihui 我试了清华的镜像，也可以（速度飞快），下面是测试日志

                                              sessionInfo()
R version 3.4.3 (2017-11-30)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)

Matrix products: default
BLAS: /usr/lib/openblas-base/libblas.so.3
LAPACK: /usr/lib/libopenblasp-r0.2.19.so

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C               LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8       
 [4] LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8     LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=C             
 [7] LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                  LC_ADDRESS=C              
[10] LC_TELEPHONE=C             LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] compiler_3.4.3 tools_3.4.3    yaml_2.1.16   
> 
> 
> 
> packageVersion('tinytex')
[1] ‘0.2.13’
> library(help=tinytex)
> devtools::install_github('yihui/tinytex')
Downloading GitHub repo yihui/tinytex@master
from URL https://api.github.com/repos/yihui/tinytex/zipball/master
Installing tinytex
'/usr/local/lib/R/bin/R' --no-site-file --no-environ --no-save --no-restore --quiet CMD INSTALL  \
  '/tmp/RtmpY1WNSp/devtoolsa213ee4536/yihui-tinytex-3798627'  \
  --library='/usr/local/lib/R/site-library' --install-tests 

* installing *source* package ‘tinytex’ ...
** R
** tests
** preparing package for lazy loading
** help
*** installing help indices
** building package indices
** testing if installed package can be loaded
* DONE (tinytex)
> tinytex::install_tinytex(TRUE, repository = 'http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet')
trying URL 'https://github.com/yihui/tinytex/raw/master/tools/install-unx.sh'
Content type 'text/plain; charset=utf-8' length 604 bytes
==================================================
downloaded 604 bytes

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Automated TeX Live installation using profile: ../texlive.profile
Loading http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb
Installing TeX Live 2017 from: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (not verified)
Platform: x86_64-linux => 'GNU/Linux on x86_64'
Distribution: net  (downloading)
Using URL: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet
Directory for temporary files: /tmp/yKwnP57M0C
Installing to: ./
Installing [1/7, time/total: ??:??/??:??]: hyphen-base [22k]
Installing [2/7, time/total: 00:00/00:00]: kpathsea [31k]
Installing [3/7, time/total: 00:00/00:00]: kpathsea.x86_64-linux [46k]
Installing [4/7, time/total: 00:00/00:00]: tetex [70k]
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Installing [6/7, time/total: 00:00/00:00]: texlive.infra [203k]
Installing [7/7, time/total: 00:00/00:00]: texlive.infra.x86_64-linux [90k]
Time used for installing the packages: 00:00
running mktexlsr ./texmf-dist ...
writing fmtutil.cnf to ./texmf-dist/web2c/fmtutil.cnf
writing updmap.cfg to ./texmf-dist/web2c/updmap.cfg
writing language.dat to ./texmf-var/tex/generic/config/language.dat
writing language.def to ./texmf-var/tex/generic/config/language.def
writing language.dat.lua to ./texmf-var/tex/generic/config/language.dat.lua
running mktexlsr ./texmf-var ./texmf-config ./texmf-dist ...
running updmap-sys --nohash ...done
re-running mktexlsr ./texmf-var ./texmf-config ...
pre-generating all format files, be patient...
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-strict --all ...done
running package-specific postactions
finished with package-specific postactions

Logfile: ./install-tl.log
tlmgr: setting default package repository to http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet
tlmgr: package repository http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (not verified: gpg unavailable)
tlmgr: no updates available
tlmgr: package repository http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (not verified: gpg unavailable)
[1/19, ??:??/??:??] install: babel [134k]
[2/19, 00:01/01:29] install: cm [233k]
[3/19, 00:01/00:32] install: etex [12k]
[4/19, 00:01/00:31] install: knuth-lib [30k]
[5/19, 00:01/00:29] install: latex [161k]
[6/19, 00:01/00:21] install: latex-bin.x86_64-linux [1k]
[7/19, 00:01/00:21] install: latex-bin [1k]
[8/19, 00:01/00:21] install: latex-fonts [18k]
[9/19, 00:01/00:20] install: latexconfig [5k]
[10/19, 00:01/00:20] install: luatex.x86_64-linux [3442k]
[11/19, 00:03/00:08] install: luatex [13k]
[12/19, 00:03/00:08] install: pdftex.x86_64-linux [763k]
[13/19, 00:04/00:09] install: pdftex [36k]
[14/19, 00:04/00:09] install: plain [60k]
[15/19, 00:04/00:09] install: tex-ini-files [4k]
[16/19, 00:04/00:09] install: unicode-data [220k]
[17/19, 00:04/00:09] install: xetex.x86_64-linux [6880k]
[18/19, 00:07/00:07] install: xetex [7k]
[19/19, 00:07/00:07] install: xetexconfig [1k]
running mktexlsr ...
done running mktexlsr.
running updmap-sys ...
done running updmap-sys.
regenerating fmtutil.cnf in /tmp/texlive/texmf-dist
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine xetex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine xetex.
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine luatex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine luatex.
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine luajittex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine luajittex.
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine pdftex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine pdftex.
tlmgr: package log updated: /tmp/texlive/texmf-var/web2c/tlmgr.log
tlmgr: package repository http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (not verified: gpg unavailable)
[1/49, ??:??/??:??] install: amscls [32k]
[2/49, 00:00/00:00] install: amsfonts [3542k]
[3/49, 00:02/00:11] install: amsmath [30k]
[4/49, 00:02/00:11] install: bibtex.x86_64-linux [70k]
[5/49, 00:02/00:10] install: bibtex [15k]
[6/49, 00:02/00:10] install: booktabs [3k]
[7/49, 00:02/00:10] install: caption [32k]
[8/49, 00:02/00:10] install: dvipdfmx.x86_64-linux [2k]
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[10/49, 00:02/00:10] install: ec [258k]
[11/49, 00:03/00:15] install: etoolbox [8k]
[12/49, 00:03/00:15] install: euenc [4k]
[13/49, 00:03/00:15] install: fancyvrb [12k]
[14/49, 00:03/00:15] install: fontspec [26k]
[15/49, 00:03/00:14] install: framed [8k]
[16/49, 00:03/00:14] install: geometry [9k]
[17/49, 00:03/00:14] install: glyphlist [25k]
[18/49, 00:03/00:14] install: graphics [15k]
[19/49, 00:03/00:14] install: graphics-cfg [2k]
[20/49, 00:03/00:14] install: graphics-def [10k]
[21/49, 00:03/00:14] install: gsftopk.x86_64-linux [40k]
[22/49, 00:03/00:14] install: gsftopk [4k]
[23/49, 00:03/00:14] install: hyperref [106k]
[24/49, 00:03/00:14] install: ifluatex [3k]
[25/49, 00:03/00:14] install: iftex [2k]
[26/49, 00:03/00:14] install: ifxetex [2k]
[27/49, 00:03/00:14] install: l3kernel [125k]
[28/49, 00:03/00:13] install: l3packages [19k]
[29/49, 00:03/00:13] install: lm [11651k]
[30/49, 00:10/00:12] install: lualibs [72k]
[31/49, 00:12/00:14] install: luaotfload.x86_64-linux [1k]
[32/49, 00:12/00:14] install: luaotfload [432k]
[33/49, 00:12/00:14] install: makeindex.x86_64-linux [47k]
[34/49, 00:12/00:14] install: makeindex [5k]
[35/49, 00:12/00:14] install: mathspec [10k]
[36/49, 00:12/00:14] install: metafont.x86_64-linux [186k]
[37/49, 00:12/00:14] install: metafont [33k]
[38/49, 00:12/00:14] install: mfware.x86_64-linux [118k]
[39/49, 00:12/00:14] install: mfware [4k]
[40/49, 00:12/00:14] install: natbib [17k]
[41/49, 00:12/00:14] install: oberdiek [221k]
[42/49, 00:12/00:14] install: tipa [2809k]
[43/49, 00:14/00:14] install: titling [3k]
[44/49, 00:14/00:14] install: tools [39k]
[45/49, 00:14/00:14] install: upquote [2k]
[46/49, 00:14/00:14] install: url [6k]
[47/49, 00:14/00:14] install: xkeyval [13k]
[48/49, 00:14/00:14] install: xunicode [26k]
[49/49, 00:14/00:14] install: zapfding [46k]
running mktexlsr ...
done running mktexlsr.
running updmap-sys ...
done running updmap-sys.
regenerating fmtutil.cnf in /home/xiangyun/.TinyTeX/texmf-dist
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --byfmt mf ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --byfmt mf.
tlmgr: package log updated: /home/xiangyun/.TinyTeX/texmf-var/web2c/tlmgr.log
TinyTeX installed to /home/xiangyun/.TinyTeX
Warning message:
In normalizePath("~/bin") :
  path[1]="/home/xiangyun/bin": No such file or directory
> packageVersion('tinytex')
[1] ‘0.2.15’

                                              只是在最后的时候有个警告，不知为什么？事实上，目录 /home/xiangyun/bin 是存在的