半年前我召集莽撞人帮忙解决我数年来的一个 LaTeX 心病，无果。事到如今，我终于花了一个星期时间自己把这事儿办了： https://github.com/yihui/tinytex 现在不需要莽撞人，但还需要不少壮士，尤其是 Windows 上的壮士们帮我测试一下这个 TinyTeX 是否靠谱。为了验证我的文档是否写清楚了，在这里我就丝毫不给任何提示了。大家看看这个（相对）瘦版的 TeXLive 是否能用。可以用 R Markdown 编 PDF 作为测试，也可以编普通 .tex 文档测试。谢谢！

yihui 好！但是你的博客从昨天我就访问不了

tctcab 谢谢，如果安装过程没有问题的话，请帮忙坚持用一段时间，看看有没有明显的其它问题。 dapengde 奇怪，我一直都可以打开啊，而且这个测试也没问题： http://downforeveryoneorjustme.com/yihui.name

yihui 刚测试发现，好像是我们单位把你的博客屏蔽了

yihui 初步测试成功rmarkdown到pdf。在Ubuntu16.04下面卸载干净Texlive还花了一点功夫…… TinyTeX只有157M，点赞。

要不是测这个，我都没发现"/usr/local/texlive"里存着14-16年十几G的 texlive 尸体 macOS下尝试了下 rticles 里面 acs 的模版，搜索安装了四个包之后可正常编译。就是这个搜索不知道能否精确匹配，搜 tlmgr_search('float.sty') 返回来一堆，其实精确匹配只有一个。非常棒，简单实用！

tctcab 所以我在文档中专门提了一句： Compare the way to uninstall TinyTeX with the ways to uninstall other LaTeX distributions, and you may appreciate how much simpler it is to get rid of TinyTeX than other LaTeX distributions. That is because TinyTeX is just a self-contained folder. 卸载 TeX Live 和 MacTeX 都很麻烦（东一个文件夹西一个文件夹，装起来容易，卸起来跟躲猫猫似的）。相比之下，只有 MiKTeX 是良心软件。 yufree 哈哈，突然多出来十几 G 的硬盘空间，应该很开森。这也印证了我的猜测：多数 TeXLive 用户压根儿就不会专门保留一年又一年的安装，而且他们都不知道原来每年都有一个文件夹。如果你按照我这篇刚写完的博客安装 rmarkdown 的话，你搜都不用搜，全自动化安装缺失的包（是精确搜索）： https://yihui.name/en/2017/12/test-tinytex/ 关于精确搜索，我在文档 ?tinytex::tlmgr_search 中给了例子了，你可能没看见。

It is fxxking awesome! :sign_of_the_horns: 目前用下来很棒

初步测试报告来了！先说总结我电脑里之所以还保留着 LaTeX 没删，全是因为 bookdown 的存在。所以，我就测试了 bookdown 下编译 pdf 文档的效果。bookdownplus 里目前有三十个模板（这里顺便给 bookdownplus 做个广告），足够折腾 tinytex 了。保险起见，我先在 Ubuntu 下面试用了一下 tinytex。（Windows 的测试随后就来——因为我的 CTeX 从两小时前开始卸载，到现在卸载进度条还没走完。）安装非常快！两三分钟。我测试了 bookdownplus 里的四个 LaTeX 模板，其中三个英/德文模板，一个中文模板。两个模板直接通过，爽爽的；中文模板在补充安装了一系列包后成功通过；德语模板尚未搞定。建议： 1. latexmk() 函数的自动安装 latex 包功能很棒！希望能融合到 bookdown::render_book() 函数里。 2. 除了根据缺包信息自动安装， latexmk() 函数最好还能根据缺字体的信息来自动安装。下面是详情。测试环境咦？我的R版本怎么这么低？不知道 Ubuntu 下怎么升级…… > sessionInfo() R version 3.2.3 (2015-12-10) Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit) Running under: Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS locale: [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C LC_TIME=de_AT.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8 [5] LC_MONETARY=de_AT.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 LC_PAPER=de_AT.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C [9] LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C LC_MEASUREMENT=de_AT.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C attached base packages: [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base other attached packages: [1] tinytex_0.0.10 bookdownplus_1.4.1 loaded via a namespace (and not attached): [1] bookdown_0.5 Rcpp_0.12.13 digest_0.6.12 withr_2.0.0 rprojroot_1.2 R6_2.2.2 jsonlite_1.5 backports_1.1.1 [9] git2r_0.19.0 magrittr_1.5 evaluate_0.10.1 httr_1.3.1 stringi_1.1.5 curl_3.0 rstudioapi_0.7 rmarkdown_1.6 [17] devtools_1.13.3 tools_3.2.3 stringr_1.2.0 yaml_2.1.15 memoise_1.1.0 htmltools_0.3.6 knitr_1.17 测试过程安装很快，两三分钟完成。两个直接通过的模板 R 里运行： bookdownplus::bookdownplus(template = 'yihui_mini') bookdownplus::bookdownplus(template = 'yihui_demo') 直接编译通过。 bookdownplus::bookdownplus() 函数其实就是先对模板进行个性化设置，然后调用 bookdown::render_book() 函数。中文模板开始是缺包，于是手动安装。 bookdownplus(template = 'yihui_zh') # ! LaTeX Error: File `ctexbook.cls' not found. # 于是找并安装： tlmgr_search('ctexbook.cls') ## tlmgr search --file --global 'ctexbook.cls' ## tlmgr: package repository http://mirror.easyname.at/ctan/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified) ## ctex: ## texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctexbook.cls tlmgr_install('ctex') # 再来： bookdownplus(template = 'yihui_zh') ## ! LaTeX Error: File `everysel.sty' not found. # 再找和安装 tlmgr_search('everysel.sty') ## tlmgr search --file --global 'everysel.sty' ## tlmgr: package repository http://mirror.easyname.at/ctan/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified) ## ms: ## texmf-dist/tex/latex/ms/everysel.sty ## platex-tools: ## texmf-dist/tex/latex/platex-tools/pxeverysel.sty tlmgr_install('ms') # 再来： bookdownplus(template = 'yihui_zh') ## ! LaTeX Error: File `xeCJK.sty' not found. tlmgr_search('xeCJK.sty') ## tlmgr search --file --global 'xeCJK.sty' ## tlmgr: package repository http://mirror.easyname.at/ctan/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified) ## xecjk: ## texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/xecjk/xeCJK.sty tlmgr_install('xecjk') # 再来： bookdownplus(template = 'yihui_zh') ## ! LaTeX Error: File `ulem.sty' not found. tlmgr_search('ulem.sty') # tlmgr search --file --global 'ulem.sty' # tlmgr: package repository http://mirror.easyname.at/ctan/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified) # cjk: # texmf-dist/tex/latex/cjk/texinput/CJKulem.sty # lwarp: # texmf-dist/tex/latex/lwarp/lwarp-ulem.sty # ulem: # texmf-dist/tex/generic/ulem/ulem.sty # zhspacing: # texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/zhspacing/zhulem.sty tlmgr_install('ulem') # 再来： bookdownplus(template = 'yihui_zh') # ! LaTeX Error: File `environ.sty' not found. tlmgr_search('environ.sty') # tlmgr search --file --global 'environ.sty' # tlmgr: package repository http://mirror.easyname.at/ctan/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified) # environ: # texmf-dist/tex/latex/environ/environ.sty # interfaces: # texmf-dist/tex/latex/interfaces/interfaces-environ.sty # ltxtools: # texmf-dist/tex/latex/ltxtools/ltxtools-environ.sty # newenviron: # texmf-dist/tex/latex/newenviron/newenviron.sty tlmgr_install('environ') 走到这里，觉得不对劲，不是说可以自动安装么……哦，我用的是 bookdown，不是 latexmk() ！于是改用 latexmk() 去编译 bookdown 生成的 tex 文件： latexmk('yihui_zh.tex', engine = 'xelatex') # The font "FandolSong-Regular" cannot be found. 字体缺失。需要安装 fandol 包： tlmgr_install('fandol') latexmk('yihui_zh.tex', engine = 'xelatex') 至此，中文模板成功通过。建议： 1. latexmk() 函数的自动安装 latex 包功能很棒！希望能融合到 bookdown::render_book() 函数里。 2. 除了根据缺包信息自动安装， latexmk() 函数最好还能根据缺字体的信息来自动安装。德语模板 bookdownplus('thesis_classic') ## ! Package babel Error: You haven't specified a language option. thesis_classic 模板使用了 babel 包： \usepackage[ngerman,american]{babel} 明明是指定了语言选项的，不知为何编译说没指定。用 latexmk() 去编译 bookdown 生成的 tex 文件仍然是同样错误。但该 tex 文件在最新版的 CTeX 里是可以正常编译通过的。搜网上的介绍仍然没解决。目前搁置中。

yihui 确实开心，确实是 unknown unknown 昨晚比较匆忙没来得及看文档，今天装了指定版 rmarkdown 后在win跟mac下都测了下，主要是针对 rticles 包里的模版，直接点击 rstudio 上的按钮还是会出现找不到包的情况，但命令行下先render成tex，然后用 xelatex() 会自动安装缺失的包，直接render也可以，我猜测可能是 rstudio 传参部分没有同步。中文模版可通过，英文期刊模版不涉及数学字体的可通过。但是如果模版里调用了 ptmr7t.mf 等数学专用字体，会出现 Metric (TFM) file not found 错误， tlmgr 找不到相关的包，这个问题win下跟mac下都存在，网上给出解决方法是去装 texlive-fonts-recommended 这个包，Linux跟mac下还好办，对于win用户估计要懵圈，出问题的 rticles 模版是 ams、acm、rss、jss … 几乎所有用到这个字体的模版。这个包在这里： https://packages.debian.org/sid/texlive-fonts-recommended 不行就把这类字体打包进 tinytex 吧，安装包5M，解压后18M，或者就是希望用这些模版的人早就安过这些字体

召集壮士帮忙测试 TinyTeX

Cloud2016

robertno
我这里给你几个中文模版 https://github.com/XiangyunHuang/R-Markdown-Template

yihui

robertno 中文需要用 xelatex 编译。

Cloud2016

yihui 我发现 tinytex::tlmgr_update 不能升级 TinyTeX，考虑写个函数 tlmgr_upgrade 怎么样？

我查看了 TeXLive 的官方升级指南 <https://tug.org/texlive/upgrade.html> 强推大家卸载重装，不喜欢！不喜欢！

手动下载 update-tlmgr-latest.sh(exe)
升级

sudo sh update-tlmgr-latest.sh  -- --upgrade
tlmgr option repository yourrepo （这个可以省，之前安装过 TinyTeX，如果设置过）
tlmgr update --self --all

在 Windows 命令行窗口操作，

update-tlmgr-latest.exe  -- --upgrade 
tlmgr option repository yourrepo （这个可以省，之前安装过 TinyTeX，如果设置过）
tlmgr update --self --all

注意 windows 下执行第一行有个弹窗，点击安装就好

然后就升级完成了。

附升级日志

sudo sh update-tlmgr-latest.sh -- --upgrade

Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing TeX Live Manager Updater  100%
./runme.sh: updating in /opt/TinyTeX...
./runme.sh: tlmgr version says this is TeX Live 2018
./runme.sh: have TL 2018, new version also 2018;
./runme.sh: using --upgrade doesn't make sense; terminating.

tlmgr update --self --all

tlmgr: package repository https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified)
[1/1, ??:??/??:??] update: texlive.infra [204k] (46470 -> 47457) ... done
Restarting tlmgr to complete update ...
tlmgr: package repository https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified)
[ 1/35, ??:??/??:??] update: amsmath [30k] (45246 -> 47349) ... done
[ 2/35, 00:00/00:00] update: bibtex.x86_64-linux [72k] (43804 -> 47063) ... done
[ 3/35, 00:00/00:00] update: bibtex [15k] (44166 -> 47198) ... done
[ 4/35, 00:00/00:00] update: dvipdfmx [27k] (44224 -> 47198) ... done
[ 5/35, 00:01/02:06] update: geometry [9k] (19716 -> 47106) ... done
[ 6/35, 00:01/01:59] update: graphics [15k] (44703 -> 47350) ... done
[ 7/35, 00:01/01:48] update: gsftopk.x86_64-linux [40k] (43804 -> 47063) ... done
[ 8/35, 00:01/01:27] update: gsftopk [4k] (44166 -> 47198) ... done
[ 9/35, 00:01/01:26] update: hyphen-base [22k] (45751 -> 47260) ... done
[10/35, 00:01/01:17] update: ifluatex [3k] (46447 -> 47293) ... done
[11/35, 00:01/01:17] update: kpathsea.x86_64-linux [47k] (43804 -> 47063) ... done
[12/35, 00:01/01:04] update: kpathsea [31k] (46655 -> 47198) ... done
[13/35, 00:02/01:55] update: l3kernel [125k] (46720 -> 46875) ... done
[14/35, 00:02/01:22] update: latex [163k] (43813 -> 47377) ... done
[15/35, 00:02/00:59] update: latex-bin [1k] (45751 -> 47198) ... done
[16/35, 00:02/00:59] update: luaotfload [432k] (43194 -> 47444) ... done
[17/35, 00:03/00:52] update: luatex.x86_64-linux [7301k] (44582 -> 47245) ... done
[18/35, 00:07/00:14] update: luatex [13k] (46508 -> 47235) ... done
[19/35, 00:07/00:14] update: makeindex.x86_64-linux [49k] (43804 -> 47063) ... done
[20/35, 00:08/00:17] update: makeindex [5k] (44166 -> 47198) ... done
[21/35, 00:08/00:16] update: metafont.x86_64-linux [189k] (44013 -> 47063) ... done
[22/35, 00:08/00:16] update: metafont [33k] (45678 -> 47198) ... done
[23/35, 00:08/00:16] update: mfware.x86_64-linux [120k] (43804 -> 47063) ... done
[24/35, 00:08/00:16] update: mfware [4k] (44166 -> 47198) ... done
[25/35, 00:08/00:16] update: oberdiek [222k] (46447 -> 47293) ... done
[26/35, 00:09/00:17] update: pdftex.x86_64-linux [795k] (44065 -> 47140) ... done
[27/35, 00:09/00:16] update: pdftex [36k] (44166 -> 47199) ... done
[28/35, 00:09/00:16] update: tetex [70k] (46595 -> 47198) ... done
[29/35, 00:09/00:16] update: tex.x86_64-linux [172k] (44013 -> 47063) ... done
[30/35, 00:10/00:17] update: tex [1k] (44166 -> 47198) ... done
[31/35, 00:10/00:17] update: tools [39k] (43813 -> 47377) ... done
[32/35, 00:10/00:17] update: ttfutils.x86_64-linux [410k] (43804 -> 47063) ... done
[33/35, 00:10/00:17] update: ttfutils [106k] (45845 -> 47198) ... done
[34/35, 00:10/00:16] update: xecjk [126k] (46756 -> 47362) ... done
[35/35, 00:11/00:18] update: xetex.x86_64-linux [7123k] (44328 -> 47245) ... done
running mktexlsr ...
done running mktexlsr.
running updmap-sys ...
done running updmap-sys.
regenerating fmtutil.cnf in /opt/TinyTeX/texmf-dist
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine luatex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine luatex.
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine pdftex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine pdftex.
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine luajittex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine luajittex.
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine xetex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine xetex.
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine tex ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --no-error-if-no-format --byengine tex.
running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --byfmt mf ...
done running fmtutil-sys --no-error-if-no-engine=luajittex,mfluajit --byfmt mf.
tlmgr: package log updated: /opt/TinyTeX/texmf-var/web2c/tlmgr.log

测试环境
Windows 8.1
R 3.5.0

sessionInfo()
R version 3.5.0 (2018-04-23)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
Running under: Windows 8.1 x64 (build 9600)

Matrix products: default

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936 
[2] LC_CTYPE=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936   
[3] LC_MONETARY=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936
[4] LC_NUMERIC=C                              
[5] LC_TIME=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936    

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] compiler_3.5.0 tools_3.5.0    tinytex_0.5

Linux 即带 TinyTeX 的 rocker 镜像

sessionInfo()
R version 3.4.4 (2018-03-15)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)

Matrix products: default
BLAS: /usr/lib/openblas-base/libblas.so.3
LAPACK: /usr/lib/libopenblasp-r0.2.19.so

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C               LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8       
 [4] LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8     LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=C             
 [7] LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                  LC_ADDRESS=C              
[10] LC_TELEPHONE=C             LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] compiler_3.4.4 tools_3.4.4    yaml_2.1.18

吊诡的是 tlmgr update --self --all 竟然不能升级，虽然能更新包管理器和 TeX 包，目前的方案是，如果执行tlmgr_upgrade 就根据系统类型下载 update-tlmgr-latest.sh (update-tlmgr-latest.exe)，并执行

yihui

Cloud2016 算了，我看官方的描述如此复杂以及强烈不推荐升级，那还是按官方说的删了重装新的好了，反正就是几分钟的事儿。

tinytex::uninstall_tinytex()
tinytex::install_tinytex()

另外，官方文档中已经没有 update-tlmgr-latest.exe 了。

Cloud2016

yihui <https://tug.org/texlive/upgrade.html> 这里的指南是给 TeX Live 2017 to 2018，所以搞得那么复杂，我是意识到 TinyTeX 不像 TeXLive 有版本号（比如 2017,2018等年份），升级过程其实是简化成两行了（如果用管道就是一行）

wget http://mirrors.rit.edu/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/update-tlmgr-latest.sh
sudo sh update-tlmgr-latest.sh  -- --upgrade

其中 <http://mirrors.rit.edu/CTAN/> 可以拿离自己最近的镜像站代替如 <https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/>

类似地，Windows 下

wget http://mirrors.rit.edu/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/update-tlmgr-latest.exe
update-tlmgr-latest.exe  -- --upgrade

exe 文件是有的，打开 <http://mirrors.rit.edu/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/> 可以看到

最后，卸载重装的办法，主要是我嫌麻烦，之前装过的又得再装一遍，另一方面不全记得装过哪些包。幸好 rmarkdown 具有自动安装缺失包的特点，基本解决了重装带来的后遗症。

yihui

Cloud2016 官方升级文档中没有提 Windows 下的 exe 程序，既然他们没提，我觉得还是不要用的好，尽管你能从他们的老坟里把这个文件刨出来。

现有的 LaTeX 包可以用 tinytex::tl_pkgs() 提取；我刚提交了一个新的函数让你能自动重装当前装好的包。

devtools::install_github('yihui/tinytex')
tinytex::reinstall_tinytex()

Cloud2016

yihui 太好了 ?

dapengde

搬了新家，有了新电脑，发现装不上 TinyTeX ? 求助。

故障简述（完整详细信息附后）

tinytex::install_tinytex()，主要的故障信息是:

 'query_ctan_mirror: Programs not set up, trying wget
  cannot contact mirror.ctan.org, returning a backbone server!

怀疑是网络问题，于是安装 prebuilt 版，tinytex:::install_prebuilt()，成功。
但是，在用bookdown 编译一份中文文档时，需要用到 ctexbook.cls，貌似 tlmgr search 查找这个文件时失败。很多 .exe 文件无法正常工作。编译失败。

! LaTeX Error: File `ctexbook.cls' not found.

无奈下，去 texlive 官网下载 texlive 的安装包，但是安装居然失败：运行 'install-tl-windows.bat'，死在了 perl.exe这一步：'perl.exe has stopped working'。安装失败。
于是重新操起旧工具：下载安装 CTeX。倒是安装成功了，但是编译中文文档仍然出错。我想起旧电脑是对所有宏包升了级的，于是去 MiKTeX 的升级管理器里升级，但是怪事发生了：每升级几个包，就会中断退出，错误信息是 'unsupported protocal'。
最后，我去 MiKTeX 官网下载了最新的 MiKTeX 并安装，然后安装了 xetex 相关的几个包，才算是解决了问题。

综上，TinyTeX、TeXLive、CTeX 三者的安装目前我都遇见了故障。注意力有点分散。虽然最后能用了，但是还是希望集中解决 TinyTeX 自身的安装问题，以及 TinyTeX 对缺失宏包的安装问题。哪位能帮忙看看？多谢啦！

完整详细信息

> devtools::session_info()
Session info --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 setting  value                                              
 version  R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)                       
 system   x86_64, mingw32                                    
 ui       RStudio (1.1.456)                                  
 language (EN)                                               
 collate  Chinese (Simplified)_People's Republic of China.936
 tz       Europe/Berlin                                      
 date     2018-09-10                                         

Packages ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 package   * version date       source                        
 backports   1.1.2   2017-12-13 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                
 base      * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 compiler    3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 datasets  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 devtools    1.13.6  2018-06-27 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 digest      0.6.16  2018-08-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 evaluate    0.11    2018-07-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 graphics  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 grDevices * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 htmltools   0.3.6   2017-04-28 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 knitr       1.20    2018-02-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 magrittr    1.5     2014-11-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 memoise     1.1.0   2017-04-21 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 methods   * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 Rcpp        0.12.18 2018-07-23 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 rmarkdown   1.10    2018-06-11 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 rprojroot   1.3-2   2018-01-03 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 stats     * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 stringi     1.1.7   2018-03-12 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                
 stringr     1.3.1   2018-05-10 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 tinytex     0.8.1   2018-09-09 Github (yihui/tinytex@e5c65c5)
 tools       3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 utils     * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
 withr       2.1.2   2018-03-15 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 xfun        0.3     2018-07-06 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
 yaml        2.2.0   2018-07-25 CRAN (R 3.5.1)

> tinytex::install_tinytex()
trying URL 'http://mirror.ctan.org/systems/texlive/tlnet/install-tl.zip'
Content length 355 bytes
trying URL 'https://github.com/yihui/tinytex/raw/master/tools/pkgs-custom.txt'
Content length 142 bytes
downloaded 275 bytes

trying URL 'https://github.com/yihui/tinytex/raw/master/tools/texlive.profile'
Content length 142 bytes
downloaded 295 bytes

Starting to install TinyTeX to C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming/TinyTeX. It will take a few minutes.
PATH=C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\tlpkg\tlperl\bin;d:\Program Files\R\bin\x64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;c:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\GitHubDesktop\app-1.3.4\resources\app\git\cmd\;D:\Program Files\python364\Scripts\;D:\Program Files\python364\;C:\Program Files\Intel\WiFi\bin\;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Intel\WirelessCommon\;C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\GitHubDesktop\bin;D:\Program Files\CTEX\UserData\miktex/bin\;C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32;d:\Program Files\wget;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\
"C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\install-tl" -profile=../texlive.profile
Use of uninitialized value $ver in scalar chomp at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 204.
Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
Automated TeX Live installation using profile: ../texlive.profile
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up tar with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/installer/tar.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\tlpkg\installer\tar.exe didn't work
GNU tar 1.11.8 + 2.2(WIN32)
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up wget with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/installer/wget/wget.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\tlpkg\installer\wget\wget.exe didn't work
GNU Wget 1.19.1 built on mingw32.

-cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 -iri +large-file -metalink -nls 
-ntlm +opie -psl +ssl/gnutls 

Wgetrc: 
    C:/usr/anothermsys/local/etc/wgetrc (system)
Compile: 
    gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC="/usr/local/etc/wgetrc" 
    -DLOCALEDIR="/usr/local/share/locale" -I. -I../lib -I../lib 
    -I/usr/local/include -DNDEBUG -static 
Link: 
    gcc -DNDEBUG -static /usr/local/lib/libgnutls.a -lz -lws2_32 
    /usr/local/lib/libnettle.a /usr/local/lib/libhogweed.a 
    /usr/local/lib/libgmp.a -lcrypt32 -lz -lws2_32 ftp-opie.o 
    mswindows.o gnutls.o ../lib/libgnu.a -lws2_32 -lws2_32 -lws2_32 
    -lws2_32 /usr/local/lib/libiconv.a -lws2_32 

Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>.
Please send bug reports and questions to <bug-wget@gnu.org>.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up xz with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/installer/xz/xz.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\tlpkg\installer\xz\xz.exe didn't work
xz (XZ Utils) 5.2.3
liblzma 5.2.3
query_ctan_mirror: Programs not set up, trying wget
cannot contact mirror.ctan.org, returning a backbone server!
C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\install-tl: TLPDB::from_file could not download http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet/tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb;
C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\install-tl: maybe the repository setting should be changed.
Loading http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet/tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb
TinyTeX installed to C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming/TinyTeX
Please restart your R session and IDE (if you are using one, such as RStudio or Emacs) and check if tinytex:::is_tinytex() is TRUE.
Warning message:
In file.remove("TinyTeX/install-tl.log") :
  cannot remove file 'TinyTeX/install-tl.log', reason 'No such file or directory'

> tinytex:::install_prebuilt()
trying URL 'https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/yihui/tinytex/artifacts/TinyTeX.zip'
 length 93989978 bytes (89.6 MB)
downloaded 89.6 MB

tlmgr path add
Use of uninitialized value $ver in scalar chomp at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 204.
Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up tar with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/tar.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\tar.exe didn't work
GNU tar 1.11.8 + 2.2(WIN32)
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up wget with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/wget/wget.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\wget\wget.exe didn't work
GNU Wget 1.19.1 built on mingw32.

-cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 -iri +large-file -metalink -nls 
-ntlm +opie -psl +ssl/gnutls 

Wgetrc: 
    C:/usr/anothermsys/local/etc/wgetrc (system)
Compile: 
    gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC="/usr/local/etc/wgetrc" 
    -DLOCALEDIR="/usr/local/share/locale" -I. -I../lib -I../lib 
    -I/usr/local/include -DNDEBUG -static 
Link: 
    gcc -DNDEBUG -static /usr/local/lib/libgnutls.a -lz -lws2_32 
    /usr/local/lib/libnettle.a /usr/local/lib/libhogweed.a 
    /usr/local/lib/libgmp.a -lcrypt32 -lz -lws2_32 ftp-opie.o 
    mswindows.o gnutls.o ../lib/libgnu.a -lws2_32 -lws2_32 -lws2_32 
    -lws2_32 /usr/local/lib/libiconv.a -lws2_32 

Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>.
Please send bug reports and questions to <bug-wget@gnu.org>.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up lz4 with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/lz4/lz4.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\lz4\lz4.exe didn't work
*** LZ4 command line interface 32-bits v1.8.2, by Yann Collet ***
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up xz with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/xz/xz.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\xz\xz.exe didn't work
xz (XZ Utils) 5.2.3
liblzma 5.2.3
Use of uninitialized value in bitwise or (|) at C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\texmf-dist\scripts\texlive\tlmgr.pl line 1482.
texhash: Updating C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-local/ls-R...
texhash: Updated C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-local/ls-R.
texhash: Updating C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-config/ls-R...
texhash: Updated C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-config/ls-R.
texhash: Updating C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-var/ls-R...
texhash: Updated C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-var/ls-R.
texhash: Updating C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-dist/ls-R...
texhash: Updated C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-dist/ls-R.
texhash: Done.
...PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:824: ...PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:779: no appropriate script or program found: fmtuti~1
...PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:824: ...PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:779: no appropriate script or program found: updmap~1
Note that it needs some time to create caches,
especially if there are many large font files.
Wait with patience.

C:/windows/fonts: caching, new cache contents: 1063 fonts, 0 dirs
C:/Users/appveyor/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-dist/fonts/opentype: skipping, no such directory
C:/Users/appveyor/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-dist/fonts/truetype: skipping, no such directory
C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-var/fonts/cache: cleaning cache directory
C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\fc-cache.exe: succeeded

> tinytex::tlmgr_search('ctexbook.cls')
tlmgr search --file --global "ctexbook.cls"
Use of uninitialized value $ver in scalar chomp at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 204.
Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up tar with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/tar.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\tar.exe didn't work
GNU tar 1.11.8 + 2.2(WIN32)
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up wget with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/wget/wget.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\wget\wget.exe didn't work
GNU Wget 1.19.1 built on mingw32.

-cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 -iri +large-file -metalink -nls 
-ntlm +opie -psl +ssl/gnutls 

Wgetrc: 
    C:/usr/anothermsys/local/etc/wgetrc (system)
Compile: 
    gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC="/usr/local/etc/wgetrc" 
    -DLOCALEDIR="/usr/local/share/locale" -I. -I../lib -I../lib 
    -I/usr/local/include -DNDEBUG -static 
Link: 
    gcc -DNDEBUG -static /usr/local/lib/libgnutls.a -lz -lws2_32 
    /usr/local/lib/libnettle.a /usr/local/lib/libhogweed.a 
    /usr/local/lib/libgmp.a -lcrypt32 -lz -lws2_32 ftp-opie.o 
    mswindows.o gnutls.o ../lib/libgnu.a -lws2_32 -lws2_32 -lws2_32 
    -lws2_32 /usr/local/lib/libiconv.a -lws2_32 

Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>.
Please send bug reports and questions to <bug-wget@gnu.org>.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up lz4 with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/lz4/lz4.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\lz4\lz4.exe didn't work
*** LZ4 command line interface 32-bits v1.8.2, by Yann Collet ***
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
Setting up xz with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/xz/xz.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\xz\xz.exe didn't work
xz (XZ Utils) 5.2.3
liblzma 5.2.3
tlmgr.pl: package repository http://mirror.las.iastate.edu/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet (not verified: gpg unavailable)
ctex:
	texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctexbook.cls

yihui

dapengde 这我也不知道是怎么回事。我在云端设置了每天自动编译一遍，但并没有发现最近几天有失败的记录：https://ci.appveyor.com/project/yihui/tinytex/history 我刚在自己的 Windows 上试了一下，也可以成功安装。可能是临时的网络问题，或者是开发者恰好在某个时段把什么东西搞砸了？

dapengde

yihui 最近几天我在不同的时段和不同的网络环境（家，办公室）试过多次，都失败。我觉得可能是我新电脑的问题，怀疑是哪个端口被什么东西屏蔽了。改天换台电脑试试。

网上搜 'cannot contact mirror.ctan.org, returning a backbone server!'，得到一大堆结果，但是没有发现好用的办法。累觉不爱，暂用 MiKTeX 了。

dapengde

yihui 经过了多种努力，终于从这个安装失败的坑里爬出来了！

解决方法很简单： windows 操作系统的环境变量里添加 PATH：c:\Windows\System32?

操作系统是 windows 7。

故障原因，我猜可能是某次折腾时某个软件把这个路径环境变量里覆盖了。

网上提供的多个解决办法，例如安装 strawberryperl，例如查看防火墙或杀毒软件是不是在作祟……这些都不是我这次故障的原因。

现在，TinyTex 成功安装了。不过，新问题来了：

我参加 bookdown 大赛制作的两个中文模板（北京大学学位论文，中科院大学学位论文），都无法编译成 pdf。后者说是 \CJKunderlinecolor undefined.。前者比较诡异，没有任何故障信息，貌似成功编译了，但就是没有生成 pdf 文件。

此外，我在编译一个英文的 bookdown 项目时，通过点击 RStudio 的 build 按钮，第一次生成的 pdf 里的参考文献都显示的是问号。后来重新编译一次就好了。

为了对比，我卸载了 TinyTeX，安装 MikTeX，升级到最新，安装 xetex 宏包和 pkuthss 包，然后编译上面说的两个中文 bookdown 项目，都成功了。这是不是因为 MikTeX 里有些包在 TeX Live 里不存在？

yihui

dapengde 我暂时没空检查这个问题。先看别的壮士（如 @Cloud2016 @yufree @tctcab 等）是否可以重现你的问题吧，如果问题在别人那里也可以重现，我再研究一下。

还有，你这 c:\Windows\System32 坑太深了。

tctcab

dapengde

在ubuntu下试了一下你的模板，发现没有windows的simsun字体就跪了…~~高贵的ubuntu用户怎么会拉下脸找人拷windows字体~~

是不是这个模板就限定windows only了？

Cloud2016

dapengde 我搞不定了，一直重复不出来你的错误，我建议你只装一个 TinyTeX 然后专注在这个上面测试你的模板，遇到问题实在搞不定了，就吼 yihui

dapengde

tctcab LaTeX 模板是别人做的，我只是搬运到 bookdown 而已，没想过字体的问题? 这属于另外一个问题。

我现在的问题是即便是在 windows 里，用 TinyTeX 也搞不定。

Cloud2016

tctcab 我原本也是想不要拷贝 Windows 下的字体，可是发现 Linux 下的替代字体竟然差别还比较明显（仔细看的话），当然了这发生在我的 bookdown 论文模板里，这个环境对字体格式要求比较高，不敢擅自做主替换字体。https://github.com/XiangyunHuang/Thesis-Template-Bookdown/tree/master/fonts

dapengde 别人的 LaTeX 模板维护起来很麻烦，我是不会 LaTeX 编程的，这个字体设置文件看起来懂了，其实似懂非懂， ctex-fontset-pkuthss.def ，早些时候我基于 bookdown 的论文模板，其 LaTeX 模板是学院代代相传的 CCT 中文处理系统， CTeX 除了从师兄师姐那拷贝，别无它法，你可以想象模板得有多老，现在他们还是十年如一届地继续用老模板，我是第一个推倒重来制作 LaTeX 模板，但是包裹了 bookdown，我不会 LaTeX 编程，所以 Thesis-Template-Bookdown 项目的 LaTeX 文件组织起来没有 LaTeX 项目那样标准。此外，我的经历告诉我，对于像论文、书籍模板这种复杂的应用，不建议同时维护那么多格式，我觉得 gitbook 和 pdf 两种格式够用，但是内容应该足够丰富以应对各式各样的图、表排版要求，往往这个才是阻碍推广的地方，因为比较难学，通常的 demo 不会覆盖到这里，初学者拿到模板是希望填公式和图表，而不是去学如何填公式和图表，不然他们又该回去用 Word 或者 LaTeX 了。

扯了这么多，回到问题，我试了北京大学学位论文除了几个警告没什么问题。

首先更新 tlmgr 和安装 pkuthss 宏包

tlmgr update --self
tlmgr install pkuthss

附环境信息

xfun::session_info(packages = c("bookdown","rmarkdown"))

R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
Running under: Windows >= 8 x64 (build 9200), RStudio 1.1.456

Locale:
  LC_COLLATE=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936 
  LC_CTYPE=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936   
  LC_MONETARY=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936
  LC_NUMERIC=C                              
  LC_TIME=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936    

Package version:
  base64enc_0.1.3   bookdown_0.7.18   digest_0.6.16     evaluate_0.11    
  glue_1.3.0        graphics_3.5.1    grDevices_3.5.1   highr_0.7        
  htmldeps_0.1.1    htmltools_0.3.6   jsonlite_1.5      knitr_1.20       
  magrittr_1.5      markdown_0.8      methods_3.5.1     mime_0.5         
  Rcpp_0.12.18      rmarkdown_1.10.12 stats_3.5.1       stringi_1.2.4    
  stringr_1.3.1     tinytex_0.8       tools_3.5.1       utils_3.5.1      
  xfun_0.3.8        yaml_2.2.0       

Pandoc version: 2.2.3.2

附警告信息

==> rmarkdown::render_site(encoding = 'UTF-8')

  |.......                                                          |  11%
   inline R code fragments

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label: set-options (with options) 
List of 2
 $ echo : logi FALSE
 $ cache: logi FALSE

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   inline R code fragments

  |.............................                                    |  44%
label: co2 (with options) 
List of 4
 $ echo     : logi FALSE
 $ out.width: chr "80%"
 $ fig.cap  : chr "�� R ���Ի���ͼ����"
 $ fig.align: chr "center"

  |....................................                             |  56%
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label: tabair
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label: unnamed-chunk-1 (with options) 
List of 1
 $ eval: logi FALSE

  |.................................................................| 100%
  ordinary text without R code




processing file: pku.Rmd
output file: pku.knit.md

"D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to docx --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash+smart --output pku.docx --highlight-style tango --filter pandoc-citeproc 
  |.......                                                          |  11%
   inline R code fragments

  |..............                                                   |  22%
label: set-options (with options) 
List of 2
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label: co2 (with options) 
List of 4
 $ echo     : logi FALSE
 $ out.width: chr "80%"
 $ fig.cap  : chr "�� R ���Ի���ͼ����"
 $ fig.align: chr "center"

  |....................................                             |  56%
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label: tabair
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label: unnamed-chunk-1 (with options) 
List of 1
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  |.................................................................| 100%
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Output created: _book/pku.docx


processing file: pku.Rmd
output file: pku.knit.md

"D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to epub3 --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash --output pku.epub --number-sections --filter pandoc-citeproc 
  |.......                                                          |  11%
   inline R code fragments

  |..............                                                   |  22%
label: set-options (with options) 
List of 2
 $ echo : logi FALSE
 $ cache: logi FALSE

  |......................                                           |  33%
   inline R code fragments

  |.............................                                    |  44%
label: co2 (with options) 
List of 4
 $ echo     : logi FALSE
 $ out.width: chr "80%"
 $ fig.cap  : chr "�� R ���Ի���ͼ����"
 $ fig.align: chr "center"

  |....................................                             |  56%
  ordinary text without R code

  |...........................................                      |  67%
label: tabair
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label: unnamed-chunk-1 (with options) 
List of 1
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  |.................................................................| 100%
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Output created: _book/pku.epub


processing file: pku.Rmd
output file: pku.knit.md

"D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to html4 --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash+smart --output pku.html --email-obfuscation none --wrap preserve --standalone --section-divs --table-of-contents --toc-depth 3 --template "D:\site-library\bookdown\templates\gitbook.html" --highlight-style pygments --number-sections --css "style\gitbook.css" --include-in-header "C:\Users\xy-huang\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpqq6C5l\rmarkdown-str20e86aac3cc9.html" --mathjax --filter pandoc-citeproc 
  |.......                                                          |  11%
   inline R code fragments

  |..............                                                   |  22%
label: set-options (with options) 
List of 2
 $ echo : logi FALSE
 $ cache: logi FALSE

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   inline R code fragments

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label: co2 (with options) 
List of 4
 $ echo     : logi FALSE
 $ out.width: chr "80%"
 $ fig.cap  : chr "�� R ���Ի���ͼ����"
 $ fig.align: chr "center"

  |....................................                             |  56%
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List of 1
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"D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to html4 --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash+smart --output pku.html --email-obfuscation none --self-contained --wrap preserve --standalone --section-divs --template "D:\site-library\rmarkdown\rmd\h\default.html" --no-highlight --variable highlightjs=1 --number-sections --variable "theme:bootstrap" --include-in-header "C:\Users\xy-huang\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpqq6C5l\rmarkdown-str20e83bd67914.html" --mathjax --variable "mathjax-url:https://mathjax.rstudio.com/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML" --filter pandoc-citeproc 

Output created: _book/preface.html


processing file: pku.Rmd
output file: pku.knit.md

  |.......                                                          |  11%
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label: co2 (with options) 
List of 4
 $ echo     : logi FALSE
 $ out.width: chr "80%"
 $ fig.cap  : chr "�� R ���Ի���ͼ����"
 $ fig.align: chr "center"


Output created: pku.html


processing file: pku.Rmd
  |....................................                             |  56%
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label: tabair
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"D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to latex --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash --output pku.tex --table-of-contents --toc-depth 2 --template "tex\template_pku.tex" --number-sections --highlight-style tango --pdf-engine xelatex --natbib --top-level-division=chapter --variable tables=yes --standalone 
output file: pku.knit.md


Output created: _book/pku.pdf
Warning messages:
1: In (knit_hooks$get("plot"))(file, reduce_plot_opts(options)) :
  Chunk options fig.align, out.width, out.height, out.extra are not supported for Word output
2: In xfun::prose_index(content) : Code fences are not balanced
3: In xfun::prose_index(content) : Code fences are not balanced

附 LaTeX 信息

XeTeX 3.14159265-2.6-0.99999 (TeX Live 2018/W32TeX)
kpathsea version 6.3.0
Copyright 2018 SIL International, Jonathan Kew and Khaled Hosny.
There is NO warranty.  Redistribution of this software is
covered by the terms of both the XeTeX copyright and
the Lesser GNU General Public License.
For more information about these matters, see the file
named COPYING and the XeTeX source.
Primary author of XeTeX: Jonathan Kew.
Compiled with ICU version 61.1; using 61.1
Compiled with zlib version 1.2.11; using 1.2.11
Compiled with FreeType2 version 2.9.1; using 2.9.1
Compiled with Graphite2 version 1.3.11; using 1.3.11
Compiled with HarfBuzz version 1.7.6; using 1.7.6
Compiled with libpng version 1.6.34; using 1.6.34
Compiled with poppler version 0.64.0
Compiled with fontconfig version 2.13.0; using 2.13.0

tctcab

dapengde

windows下测了一下，pdf通过tinytex装了一堆库之后编译成功，
一开始是缺ctex库自动安装失败，后来tinytex::tlmgr_update()升级之后就可以了。
当然我还升级rmarkdown到github的最新版本不知道有木有关系…

dapengde

Cloud2016 yihui 有点诡异。tlmgr 的升级我没有做，改天试试是不是这个问题。

话说人们对 pdf 和 doc 格式的依赖也是属于历史惯性吧，因为看上去就像打印出来的。现在无纸化越来越成熟，根本不需要打印，慢慢也就淘汰了吧。

我们痛苦地制作出适合打印的pdf，然后痛苦地在kindle上读pdf……何苦……

yihui

字体问题 ctex 包应该早已经可以根据操作系统自动选择了，瘟到死和苹果都有自带中文字体，Linux 下也有保底的 Fandol 字体，所以现在完全没必要写死为宋体。当然这问题如 @Cloud2016 所说，历史的惯性太大了。LaTeX 这种东西大家都不敢随便动（问你惊喜不惊喜、敢动不敢动？不敢动不敢动），宁愿用十年前的模板和软件吊死在 Windows 上，也不敢轻易尝试新版本，因为一旦搞砸，这会是一个吸收时间的黑洞，代价太大。

所以我已经开始启程走 CSS 排版之路，直接从浏览器生成高质量 PDF。

yihui

dapengde 核心问题在于需不需要“页”的概念。对短文档来说无所谓，是不是分成两三页都可以很快看完。问题只是长文档，如果分页的话，读起来让人不那么绝望，随时知道进度条。至于是否打印，与阅读习惯有关，而且翻一本纸书比翻一本电子书稍微容易一点。当然，我也觉得分页排版主要还是历史惯性的原因。

dapengde

@Cloud2016 @tctcab 我把 tlmgr, rmakrdown, bookdown 全都升级了，故障依旧：

bookdown-ucas 不能成功编译，显示 ! LaTeX Error: \CJKunderlinecolor undefined.（log 文件）。
bookdown-pku 貌似编译完了，但没有生成 pdf 文件（log 文件）。我留意到出现了个 missfont.log 文件，不明白是不是缺少了什么字体。

看大家用的系统比较新，怀疑是不是我的 windows 7 的问题？

> devtools::session_info()
Session info ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 setting  value                                              
 version  R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)                       
 system   x86_64, mingw32                                    
 ui       RStudio (1.1.456)                                  
 language (EN)                                               
 collate  Chinese (Simplified)_People's Republic of China.936
 tz       Europe/Berlin                                      
 date     2018-09-15                                         

Packages ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 package    * version date       source                            
 backports    1.1.2   2017-12-13 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 base       * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 bookdown   * 0.7.18  2018-09-15 Github (rstudio/bookdown@b657ab3) 
 compiler     3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 curl         3.2     2018-03-28 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 datasets   * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 devtools     1.13.6  2018-06-27 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 digest       0.6.17  2018-09-12 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 evaluate     0.11    2018-07-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 git2r        0.23.0  2018-07-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 graphics   * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 grDevices  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 htmltools    0.3.6   2017-04-28 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 httr         1.3.1   2017-08-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 knitr        1.20    2018-02-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 magrittr     1.5     2014-11-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 memoise      1.1.0   2017-04-21 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 methods    * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 R6           2.2.2   2017-06-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 Rcpp         0.12.18 2018-07-23 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 rmarkdown    1.10.13 2018-09-15 Github (rstudio/rmarkdown@df4ec91)
 rprojroot    1.3-2   2018-01-03 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 rstudioapi   0.7     2017-09-07 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 stats      * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 stringi      1.2.4   2018-07-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 stringr      1.3.1   2018-05-10 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 tools        3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 utils      * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 withr        2.1.2   2018-03-15 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 xfun         0.3     2018-07-06 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 yaml         2.2.0   2018-07-25 CRAN (R 3.5.1)

tctcab

dapengde

ucas的模板试了一下，跟你的报错一样，注释掉
https://github.com/pzhaonet/bookdown-ucas/blob/master/Style/ucasthesis.cls#L122
这一行之后可以编译成功。

看代码猜测是把下划线设为黑色不过看pdf里下划线都正常嘛?

Session info --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 setting  value                       
 version  R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)
 system   x86_64, mingw32             
 ui       RStudio (1.1.419)           
 language (EN)                        
 collate  English_United States.1252  
 tz       Australia/Brisbane          
 date     2018-09-16                  

Packages -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 package   * version date       source                            
 base      * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 bookdown    0.7     2018-02-18 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 compiler    3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 datasets  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 devtools    1.13.6  2018-06-27 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 digest      0.6.16  2018-08-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 evaluate    0.11    2018-07-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 graphics  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 grDevices * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 htmldeps    0.1.1   2018-09-15 Github (rstudio/htmldeps@c1023e0) 
 htmltools   0.3.6   2017-04-28 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 knitr       1.20    2018-02-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 magrittr    1.5     2014-11-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 memoise     1.1.0   2017-04-21 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 methods   * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 Rcpp        0.12.18 2018-07-23 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 rmarkdown   1.10.13 2018-09-15 Github (rstudio/rmarkdown@df4ec91)
 stats     * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 stringi     1.1.7   2018-03-12 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
 stringr     1.3.1   2018-05-10 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 tools       3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 utils     * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
 withr       2.1.2   2018-03-15 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 xfun        0.3     2018-07-06 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
 yaml        2.2.0   2018-07-25 CRAN (R 3.5.1)

Cloud2016

dapengde missfont.log 文件

可以这样查看缺失字体

tlmgr search --file --global "qtmb.pfb"
tlmgr.pl: package repository https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified)
tex-gyre:
	texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/tex-gyre/qtmb.pfb

把 tex-gyre 安装再试试