Cloud2016 官方升级文档中没有提 Windows 下的 exe 程序,既然他们没提,我觉得还是不要用的好,尽管你能从他们的老坟里把这个文件刨出来。

现有的 LaTeX 包可以用 tinytex::tl_pkgs() 提取;我刚提交了一个新的函数让你能自动重装当前装好的包。

devtools::install_github('yihui/tinytex')
tinytex::reinstall_tinytex()
    4 个月 后

    搬了新家,有了新电脑,发现装不上 TinyTeX ? 求助。

    故障简述(完整详细信息附后)

    1. tinytex::install_tinytex(),主要的故障信息是:
       'query_ctan_mirror: Programs not set up, trying wget
        cannot contact mirror.ctan.org, returning a backbone server!
    2. 怀疑是网络问题,于是安装 prebuilt 版,tinytex:::install_prebuilt(),成功。
    3. 但是,在用bookdown 编译一份中文文档时,需要用到 ctexbook.cls,貌似 tlmgr search 查找这个文件时失败。很多 .exe 文件无法正常工作。编译失败。
    ! LaTeX Error: File `ctexbook.cls' not found.
    1. 无奈下,去 texlive 官网 下载 texlive 的安装包,但是安装居然失败:运行 'install-tl-windows.bat',死在了 perl.exe这一步:'perl.exe has stopped working'。安装失败。
    2. 于是重新操起旧工具:下载安装 CTeX。倒是安装成功了,但是编译中文文档仍然出错。我想起旧电脑是对所有宏包升了级的,于是去 MiKTeX 的升级管理器里升级,但是怪事发生了:每升级几个包,就会中断退出,错误信息是 'unsupported protocal'。
    3. 最后,我去 MiKTeX 官网下载了最新的 MiKTeX 并安装,然后安装了 xetex 相关的几个包,才算是解决了问题。

    综上,TinyTeX、TeXLive、CTeX 三者的安装目前我都遇见了故障。注意力有点分散。虽然最后能用了,但是还是希望集中解决 TinyTeX 自身的安装问题,以及 TinyTeX 对缺失宏包的安装问题。哪位能帮忙看看?多谢啦!

    完整详细信息

    > devtools::session_info()
    Session info --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     setting  value                                              
     version  R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)                       
     system   x86_64, mingw32                                    
     ui       RStudio (1.1.456)                                  
     language (EN)                                               
     collate  Chinese (Simplified)_People's Republic of China.936
     tz       Europe/Berlin                                      
     date     2018-09-10                                         
    
    Packages ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     package   * version date       source                        
     backports   1.1.2   2017-12-13 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                
     base      * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     compiler    3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     datasets  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     devtools    1.13.6  2018-06-27 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     digest      0.6.16  2018-08-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     evaluate    0.11    2018-07-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     graphics  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     grDevices * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     htmltools   0.3.6   2017-04-28 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     knitr       1.20    2018-02-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     magrittr    1.5     2014-11-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     memoise     1.1.0   2017-04-21 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     methods   * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     Rcpp        0.12.18 2018-07-23 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     rmarkdown   1.10    2018-06-11 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     rprojroot   1.3-2   2018-01-03 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     stats     * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     stringi     1.1.7   2018-03-12 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                
     stringr     1.3.1   2018-05-10 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     tinytex     0.8.1   2018-09-09 Github (yihui/tinytex@e5c65c5)
     tools       3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     utils     * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                         
     withr       2.1.2   2018-03-15 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     xfun        0.3     2018-07-06 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                
     yaml        2.2.0   2018-07-25 CRAN (R 3.5.1)      

    > tinytex::install_tinytex()
    trying URL 'http://mirror.ctan.org/systems/texlive/tlnet/install-tl.zip'
    Content length 355 bytes
    trying URL 'https://github.com/yihui/tinytex/raw/master/tools/pkgs-custom.txt'
    Content length 142 bytes
    downloaded 275 bytes
    
    trying URL 'https://github.com/yihui/tinytex/raw/master/tools/texlive.profile'
    Content length 142 bytes
    downloaded 295 bytes
    
    Starting to install TinyTeX to C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming/TinyTeX. It will take a few minutes.
    PATH=C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\tlpkg\tlperl\bin;d:\Program Files\R\bin\x64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;c:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\GitHubDesktop\app-1.3.4\resources\app\git\cmd\;D:\Program Files\python364\Scripts\;D:\Program Files\python364\;C:\Program Files\Intel\WiFi\bin\;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Intel\WirelessCommon\;C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\GitHubDesktop\bin;D:\Program Files\CTEX\UserData\miktex/bin\;C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32;d:\Program Files\wget;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\
    "C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\install-tl" -profile=../texlive.profile
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in scalar chomp at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 204.
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
    Automated TeX Live installation using profile: ../texlive.profile
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up tar with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/installer/tar.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\tlpkg\installer\tar.exe didn't work
    GNU tar 1.11.8 + 2.2(WIN32)
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up wget with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/installer/wget/wget.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\tlpkg\installer\wget\wget.exe didn't work
    GNU Wget 1.19.1 built on mingw32.
    
    -cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 -iri +large-file -metalink -nls 
    -ntlm +opie -psl +ssl/gnutls 
    
    Wgetrc: 
        C:/usr/anothermsys/local/etc/wgetrc (system)
    Compile: 
        gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC="/usr/local/etc/wgetrc" 
        -DLOCALEDIR="/usr/local/share/locale" -I. -I../lib -I../lib 
        -I/usr/local/include -DNDEBUG -static 
    Link: 
        gcc -DNDEBUG -static /usr/local/lib/libgnutls.a -lz -lws2_32 
        /usr/local/lib/libnettle.a /usr/local/lib/libhogweed.a 
        /usr/local/lib/libgmp.a -lcrypt32 -lz -lws2_32 ftp-opie.o 
        mswindows.o gnutls.o ../lib/libgnu.a -lws2_32 -lws2_32 -lws2_32 
        -lws2_32 /usr/local/lib/libiconv.a -lws2_32 
    
    Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
    This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
    There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
    
    Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>.
    Please send bug reports and questions to <bug-wget@gnu.org>.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up xz with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpeYk32F/install-tl-20180909/tlpkg/installer/xz/xz.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\tlpkg\installer\xz\xz.exe didn't work
    xz (XZ Utils) 5.2.3
    liblzma 5.2.3
    query_ctan_mirror: Programs not set up, trying wget
    cannot contact mirror.ctan.org, returning a backbone server!
    C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\install-tl: TLPDB::from_file could not download http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet/tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb;
    C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpeYk32F\install-tl-20180909\install-tl: maybe the repository setting should be changed.
    Loading http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet/tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb
    TinyTeX installed to C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming/TinyTeX
    Please restart your R session and IDE (if you are using one, such as RStudio or Emacs) and check if tinytex:::is_tinytex() is TRUE.
    Warning message:
    In file.remove("TinyTeX/install-tl.log") :
      cannot remove file 'TinyTeX/install-tl.log', reason 'No such file or directory'

    > tinytex:::install_prebuilt()
    trying URL 'https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/yihui/tinytex/artifacts/TinyTeX.zip'
     length 93989978 bytes (89.6 MB)
    downloaded 89.6 MB
    
    tlmgr path add
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in scalar chomp at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 204.
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up tar with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/tar.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\tar.exe didn't work
    GNU tar 1.11.8 + 2.2(WIN32)
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up wget with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/wget/wget.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\wget\wget.exe didn't work
    GNU Wget 1.19.1 built on mingw32.
    
    -cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 -iri +large-file -metalink -nls 
    -ntlm +opie -psl +ssl/gnutls 
    
    Wgetrc: 
        C:/usr/anothermsys/local/etc/wgetrc (system)
    Compile: 
        gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC="/usr/local/etc/wgetrc" 
        -DLOCALEDIR="/usr/local/share/locale" -I. -I../lib -I../lib 
        -I/usr/local/include -DNDEBUG -static 
    Link: 
        gcc -DNDEBUG -static /usr/local/lib/libgnutls.a -lz -lws2_32 
        /usr/local/lib/libnettle.a /usr/local/lib/libhogweed.a 
        /usr/local/lib/libgmp.a -lcrypt32 -lz -lws2_32 ftp-opie.o 
        mswindows.o gnutls.o ../lib/libgnu.a -lws2_32 -lws2_32 -lws2_32 
        -lws2_32 /usr/local/lib/libiconv.a -lws2_32 
    
    Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
    This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
    There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
    
    Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>.
    Please send bug reports and questions to <bug-wget@gnu.org>.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up lz4 with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/lz4/lz4.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\lz4\lz4.exe didn't work
    *** LZ4 command line interface 32-bits v1.8.2, by Yann Collet ***
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up xz with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/xz/xz.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\xz\xz.exe didn't work
    xz (XZ Utils) 5.2.3
    liblzma 5.2.3
    Use of uninitialized value in bitwise or (|) at C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\texmf-dist\scripts\texlive\tlmgr.pl line 1482.
    texhash: Updating C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-local/ls-R...
    texhash: Updated C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-local/ls-R.
    texhash: Updating C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-config/ls-R...
    texhash: Updated C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-config/ls-R.
    texhash: Updating C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-var/ls-R...
    texhash: Updated C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-var/ls-R.
    texhash: Updating C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-dist/ls-R...
    texhash: Updated C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-dist/ls-R.
    texhash: Done.
    ...PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:824: ...PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:779: no appropriate script or program found: fmtuti~1
    ...PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:824: ...PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:779: no appropriate script or program found: updmap~1
    Note that it needs some time to create caches,
    especially if there are many large font files.
    Wait with patience.
    
    C:/windows/fonts: caching, new cache contents: 1063 fonts, 0 dirs
    C:/Users/appveyor/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-dist/fonts/opentype: skipping, no such directory
    C:/Users/appveyor/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-dist/fonts/truetype: skipping, no such directory
    C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/texmf-var/fonts/cache: cleaning cache directory
    C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\fc-cache.exe: succeeded

    > tinytex::tlmgr_search('ctexbook.cls')
    tlmgr search --file --global "ctexbook.cls"
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in scalar chomp at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 204.
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
    Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 205.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up tar with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/tar.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\tar.exe didn't work
    GNU tar 1.11.8 + 2.2(WIN32)
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up wget with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/wget/wget.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\wget\wget.exe didn't work
    GNU Wget 1.19.1 built on mingw32.
    
    -cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 -iri +large-file -metalink -nls 
    -ntlm +opie -psl +ssl/gnutls 
    
    Wgetrc: 
        C:/usr/anothermsys/local/etc/wgetrc (system)
    Compile: 
        gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC="/usr/local/etc/wgetrc" 
        -DLOCALEDIR="/usr/local/share/locale" -I. -I../lib -I../lib 
        -I/usr/local/include -DNDEBUG -static 
    Link: 
        gcc -DNDEBUG -static /usr/local/lib/libgnutls.a -lz -lws2_32 
        /usr/local/lib/libnettle.a /usr/local/lib/libhogweed.a 
        /usr/local/lib/libgmp.a -lcrypt32 -lz -lws2_32 ftp-opie.o 
        mswindows.o gnutls.o ../lib/libgnu.a -lws2_32 -lws2_32 -lws2_32 
        -lws2_32 /usr/local/lib/libiconv.a -lws2_32 
    
    Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
    This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
    There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
    
    Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>.
    Please send bug reports and questions to <bug-wget@gnu.org>.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up lz4 with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/lz4/lz4.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\lz4\lz4.exe didn't work
    *** LZ4 command line interface 32-bits v1.8.2, by Yann Collet ***
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2464.
    Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLUtils.pm line 2481.
    Setting up xz with C:/Users/PengZhao/AppData/Roaming/TinyTeX/tlpkg/installer/xz/xz.exe as C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\tlpkg\installer\xz\xz.exe didn't work
    xz (XZ Utils) 5.2.3
    liblzma 5.2.3
    tlmgr.pl: package repository http://mirror.las.iastate.edu/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet (not verified: gpg unavailable)
    ctex:
    	texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctexbook.cls

      dapengde 这我也不知道是怎么回事。我在云端设置了每天自动编译一遍,但并没有发现最近几天有失败的记录:https://ci.appveyor.com/project/yihui/tinytex/history 我刚在自己的 Windows 上试了一下,也可以成功安装。可能是临时的网络问题,或者是开发者恰好在某个时段把什么东西搞砸了?

        yihui 最近几天我在不同的时段和不同的网络环境(家,办公室)试过多次,都失败。我觉得可能是我新电脑的问题,怀疑是哪个端口被什么东西屏蔽了。改天换台电脑试试。

        网上搜 'cannot contact mirror.ctan.org, returning a backbone server!',得到一大堆结果,但是没有发现好用的办法。累觉不爱,暂用 MiKTeX 了。

        yihui 经过了多种努力,终于从这个安装失败的坑里爬出来了!

        解决方法很简单: windows 操作系统的环境变量里添加 PATH:c:\Windows\System32?

        操作系统是 windows 7。

        故障原因,我猜可能是某次折腾时某个软件把这个路径环境变量里覆盖了。

        网上提供的多个解决办法,例如安装 strawberryperl,例如查看防火墙或杀毒软件是不是在作祟……这些都不是我这次故障的原因。

        现在,TinyTex 成功安装了。不过,新问题来了:

        我参加 bookdown 大赛制作的两个中文模板(北京大学学位论文中科院大学学位论文),都无法编译成 pdf。后者说是 \CJKunderlinecolor undefined.。前者比较诡异,没有任何故障信息,貌似成功编译了,但就是没有生成 pdf 文件。

        此外,我在编译一个英文的 bookdown 项目时,通过点击 RStudio 的 build 按钮,第一次生成的 pdf 里的参考文献都显示的是问号。后来重新编译一次就好了。

        为了对比,我卸载了 TinyTeX,安装 MikTeX,升级到最新,安装 xetex 宏包和 pkuthss 包,然后编译 上面说的两个中文 bookdown 项目,都成功了。这是不是因为 MikTeX 里有些包在 TeX Live 里不存在?

          dapengde 我暂时没空检查这个问题。先看别的壮士(如 @Cloud2016 @yufree @tctcab 等)是否可以重现你的问题吧,如果问题在别人那里也可以重现,我再研究一下。

          还有,你这 c:\Windows\System32 坑太深了。

            dapengde

            在ubuntu下试了一下你的模板,发现没有windows的simsun字体就跪了…高贵的ubuntu用户怎么会拉下脸找人拷windows字体

            是不是这个模板就限定windows only了?

              tctcab LaTeX 模板是别人做的,我只是搬运到 bookdown 而已,没想过字体的问题? 这属于另外一个问题。

              我现在的问题是即便是在 windows 里,用 TinyTeX 也搞不定。

                tctcab 我原本也是想不要拷贝 Windows 下的字体,可是发现 Linux 下的替代字体竟然差别还比较明显(仔细看的话),当然了这发生在我的 bookdown 论文模板里 ,这个环境对字体格式要求比较高,不敢擅自做主替换字体。https://github.com/XiangyunHuang/Thesis-Template-Bookdown/tree/master/fonts

                dapengde 别人的 LaTeX 模板维护起来很麻烦,我是不会 LaTeX 编程的,这个字体设置文件看起来懂了,其实似懂非懂, ctex-fontset-pkuthss.def ,早些时候我基于 bookdown 的论文模板,其 LaTeX 模板是学院代代相传的 CCT 中文处理系统, CTeX 除了从师兄师姐那拷贝,别无它法,你可以想象模板得有多老,现在他们还是十年如一届地继续用老模板,我是第一个推倒重来制作 LaTeX 模板,但是包裹了 bookdown,我不会 LaTeX 编程,所以 Thesis-Template-Bookdown 项目的 LaTeX 文件组织起来没有 LaTeX 项目那样标准。此外,我的经历告诉我,对于像论文、书籍模板这种复杂的应用,不建议同时维护那么多格式,我觉得 gitbook 和 pdf 两种格式够用,但是内容应该足够丰富以应对各式各样的图、表排版要求,往往这个才是阻碍推广的地方,因为比较难学,通常的 demo 不会覆盖到这里,初学者拿到模板是希望填公式和图表,而不是去学如何填公式和图表,不然他们又该回去用 Word 或者 LaTeX 了。

                扯了这么多,回到问题,我试了 北京大学学位论文 除了几个警告没什么问题。

                首先更新 tlmgr 和安装 pkuthss 宏包

                tlmgr update --self
                tlmgr install pkuthss

                附环境信息

                xfun::session_info(packages = c("bookdown","rmarkdown"))
                R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)
                Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
                Running under: Windows >= 8 x64 (build 9200), RStudio 1.1.456
                
                Locale:
                  LC_COLLATE=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936 
                  LC_CTYPE=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936   
                  LC_MONETARY=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936
                  LC_NUMERIC=C                              
                  LC_TIME=Chinese (Simplified)_China.936    
                
                Package version:
                  base64enc_0.1.3   bookdown_0.7.18   digest_0.6.16     evaluate_0.11    
                  glue_1.3.0        graphics_3.5.1    grDevices_3.5.1   highr_0.7        
                  htmldeps_0.1.1    htmltools_0.3.6   jsonlite_1.5      knitr_1.20       
                  magrittr_1.5      markdown_0.8      methods_3.5.1     mime_0.5         
                  Rcpp_0.12.18      rmarkdown_1.10.12 stats_3.5.1       stringi_1.2.4    
                  stringr_1.3.1     tinytex_0.8       tools_3.5.1       utils_3.5.1      
                  xfun_0.3.8        yaml_2.2.0       
                
                Pandoc version: 2.2.3.2

                附警告信息

                ==> rmarkdown::render_site(encoding = 'UTF-8')
                
                  |.......                                                          |  11%
                   inline R code fragments
                
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                label: set-options (with options) 
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                 $ echo : logi FALSE
                 $ cache: logi FALSE
                
                  |......................                                           |  33%
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                  |.............................                                    |  44%
                label: co2 (with options) 
                List of 4
                 $ echo     : logi FALSE
                 $ out.width: chr "80%"
                 $ fig.cap  : chr "�� R ���Ի���ͼ����"
                 $ fig.align: chr "center"
                
                  |....................................                             |  56%
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                label: unnamed-chunk-1 (with options) 
                List of 1
                 $ eval: logi FALSE
                
                  |.................................................................| 100%
                  ordinary text without R code
                
                
                
                
                processing file: pku.Rmd
                output file: pku.knit.md
                
                "D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to docx --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash+smart --output pku.docx --highlight-style tango --filter pandoc-citeproc 
                  |.......                                                          |  11%
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                label: set-options (with options) 
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                label: co2 (with options) 
                List of 4
                 $ echo     : logi FALSE
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                 $ fig.align: chr "center"
                
                  |....................................                             |  56%
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                List of 1
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                  |.................................................................| 100%
                  ordinary text without R code
                
                
                
                Output created: _book/pku.docx
                
                
                processing file: pku.Rmd
                output file: pku.knit.md
                
                "D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to epub3 --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash --output pku.epub --number-sections --filter pandoc-citeproc 
                  |.......                                                          |  11%
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                label: set-options (with options) 
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                 $ echo : logi FALSE
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                  |......................                                           |  33%
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                label: co2 (with options) 
                List of 4
                 $ echo     : logi FALSE
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                  |....................................                             |  56%
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                  |.................................................................| 100%
                  ordinary text without R code
                
                
                
                Output created: _book/pku.epub
                
                
                processing file: pku.Rmd
                output file: pku.knit.md
                
                "D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to html4 --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash+smart --output pku.html --email-obfuscation none --wrap preserve --standalone --section-divs --table-of-contents --toc-depth 3 --template "D:\site-library\bookdown\templates\gitbook.html" --highlight-style pygments --number-sections --css "style\gitbook.css" --include-in-header "C:\Users\xy-huang\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpqq6C5l\rmarkdown-str20e86aac3cc9.html" --mathjax --filter pandoc-citeproc 
                  |.......                                                          |  11%
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                label: co2 (with options) 
                List of 4
                 $ echo     : logi FALSE
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                  |....................................                             |  56%
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                "D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to html4 --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash+smart --output pku.html --email-obfuscation none --self-contained --wrap preserve --standalone --section-divs --template "D:\site-library\rmarkdown\rmd\h\default.html" --no-highlight --variable highlightjs=1 --number-sections --variable "theme:bootstrap" --include-in-header "C:\Users\xy-huang\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpqq6C5l\rmarkdown-str20e83bd67914.html" --mathjax --variable "mathjax-url:https://mathjax.rstudio.com/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML" --filter pandoc-citeproc 
                
                Output created: _book/preface.html
                
                
                processing file: pku.Rmd
                output file: pku.knit.md
                
                  |.......                                                          |  11%
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                 $ fig.align: chr "center"
                
                
                Output created: pku.html
                
                
                processing file: pku.Rmd
                  |....................................                             |  56%
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                "D:/Program Files (x86)/Pandoc/pandoc" +RTS -K512m -RTS pku.utf8.md --to latex --from markdown+autolink_bare_uris+ascii_identifiers+tex_math_single_backslash --output pku.tex --table-of-contents --toc-depth 2 --template "tex\template_pku.tex" --number-sections --highlight-style tango --pdf-engine xelatex --natbib --top-level-division=chapter --variable tables=yes --standalone 
                output file: pku.knit.md
                
                
                Output created: _book/pku.pdf
                Warning messages:
                1: In (knit_hooks$get("plot"))(file, reduce_plot_opts(options)) :
                  Chunk options fig.align, out.width, out.height, out.extra are not supported for Word output
                2: In xfun::prose_index(content) : Code fences are not balanced
                3: In xfun::prose_index(content) : Code fences are not balanced

                附 LaTeX 信息

                XeTeX 3.14159265-2.6-0.99999 (TeX Live 2018/W32TeX)
                kpathsea version 6.3.0
                Copyright 2018 SIL International, Jonathan Kew and Khaled Hosny.
                There is NO warranty.  Redistribution of this software is
                covered by the terms of both the XeTeX copyright and
                the Lesser GNU General Public License.
                For more information about these matters, see the file
                named COPYING and the XeTeX source.
                Primary author of XeTeX: Jonathan Kew.
                Compiled with ICU version 61.1; using 61.1
                Compiled with zlib version 1.2.11; using 1.2.11
                Compiled with FreeType2 version 2.9.1; using 2.9.1
                Compiled with Graphite2 version 1.3.11; using 1.3.11
                Compiled with HarfBuzz version 1.7.6; using 1.7.6
                Compiled with libpng version 1.6.34; using 1.6.34
                Compiled with poppler version 0.64.0
                Compiled with fontconfig version 2.13.0; using 2.13.0

                  字体问题 ctex 包应该早已经可以根据操作系统自动选择了,瘟到死和苹果都有自带中文字体,Linux 下也有保底的 Fandol 字体,所以现在完全没必要写死为宋体。当然这问题如 @Cloud2016 所说,历史的惯性太大了。LaTeX 这种东西大家都不敢随便动(问你惊喜不惊喜、敢动不敢动?不敢动不敢动),宁愿用十年前的模板和软件吊死在 Windows 上,也不敢轻易尝试新版本,因为一旦搞砸,这会是一个吸收时间的黑洞,代价太大。

                  所以我已经开始启程走 CSS 排版之路,直接从浏览器生成高质量 PDF。

                    Cloud2016 yihui 有点诡异。tlmgr 的升级我没有做,改天试试是不是这个问题。

                    话说人们对 pdf 和 doc 格式的依赖也是属于历史惯性吧,因为看上去就像打印出来的。现在无纸化越来越成熟,根本不需要打印,慢慢也就淘汰了吧。

                    我们痛苦地制作出适合打印的pdf,然后痛苦地在kindle上读pdf……何苦……

                      dapengde 核心问题在于需不需要“页”的概念。对短文档来说无所谓,是不是分成两三页都可以很快看完。问题只是长文档,如果分页的话,读起来让人不那么绝望,随时知道进度条。至于是否打印,与阅读习惯有关,而且翻一本纸书比翻一本电子书稍微容易一点。当然,我也觉得分页排版主要还是历史惯性的原因。

                      dapengde

                      windows下测了一下,pdf通过tinytex装了一堆库之后编译成功,
                      一开始是缺ctex库自动安装失败,后来tinytex::tlmgr_update()升级之后就可以了。
                      当然我还升级rmarkdown到github的最新版本不知道有木有关系…

                      @Cloud2016 @tctcab 我把 tlmgr, rmakrdown, bookdown 全都升级了,故障依旧:

                      • bookdown-ucas 不能成功编译,显示 ! LaTeX Error: \CJKunderlinecolor undefined.log 文件)。

                      • bookdown-pku 貌似编译完了,但没有生成 pdf 文件(log 文件)。我留意到出现了个 missfont.log 文件,不明白是不是缺少了什么字体。

                      看大家用的系统比较新,怀疑是不是我的 windows 7 的问题?

                      > devtools::session_info()
                      Session info ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       setting  value                                              
                       version  R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)                       
                       system   x86_64, mingw32                                    
                       ui       RStudio (1.1.456)                                  
                       language (EN)                                               
                       collate  Chinese (Simplified)_People's Republic of China.936
                       tz       Europe/Berlin                                      
                       date     2018-09-15                                         
                      
                      Packages ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       package    * version date       source                            
                       backports    1.1.2   2017-12-13 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
                       base       * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       bookdown   * 0.7.18  2018-09-15 Github (rstudio/bookdown@b657ab3) 
                       compiler     3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       curl         3.2     2018-03-28 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       datasets   * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       devtools     1.13.6  2018-06-27 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       digest       0.6.17  2018-09-12 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       evaluate     0.11    2018-07-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       git2r        0.23.0  2018-07-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       graphics   * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       grDevices  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       htmltools    0.3.6   2017-04-28 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       httr         1.3.1   2017-08-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       knitr        1.20    2018-02-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       magrittr     1.5     2014-11-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       memoise      1.1.0   2017-04-21 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       methods    * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       R6           2.2.2   2017-06-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       Rcpp         0.12.18 2018-07-23 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       rmarkdown    1.10.13 2018-09-15 Github (rstudio/rmarkdown@df4ec91)
                       rprojroot    1.3-2   2018-01-03 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       rstudioapi   0.7     2017-09-07 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       stats      * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       stringi      1.2.4   2018-07-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       stringr      1.3.1   2018-05-10 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       tools        3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       utils      * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                       withr        2.1.2   2018-03-15 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       xfun         0.3     2018-07-06 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                       yaml         2.2.0   2018-07-25 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                

                        dapengde

                        ucas的模板试了一下,跟你的报错一样,注释掉
                        https://github.com/pzhaonet/bookdown-ucas/blob/master/Style/ucasthesis.cls#L122
                        这一行之后可以编译成功。

                        看代码猜测是把下划线设为黑色不过看pdf里下划线都正常嘛?

                        Session info --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         setting  value                       
                         version  R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)
                         system   x86_64, mingw32             
                         ui       RStudio (1.1.419)           
                         language (EN)                        
                         collate  English_United States.1252  
                         tz       Australia/Brisbane          
                         date     2018-09-16                  
                        
                        Packages -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         package   * version date       source                            
                         base      * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         bookdown    0.7     2018-02-18 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         compiler    3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         datasets  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         devtools    1.13.6  2018-06-27 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         digest      0.6.16  2018-08-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         evaluate    0.11    2018-07-17 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         graphics  * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         grDevices * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         htmldeps    0.1.1   2018-09-15 Github (rstudio/htmldeps@c1023e0) 
                         htmltools   0.3.6   2017-04-28 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         knitr       1.20    2018-02-20 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         magrittr    1.5     2014-11-22 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         memoise     1.1.0   2017-04-21 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         methods   * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         Rcpp        0.12.18 2018-07-23 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         rmarkdown   1.10.13 2018-09-15 Github (rstudio/rmarkdown@df4ec91)
                         stats     * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         stringi     1.1.7   2018-03-12 CRAN (R 3.5.0)                    
                         stringr     1.3.1   2018-05-10 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         tools       3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         utils     * 3.5.1   2018-07-02 local                             
                         withr       2.1.2   2018-03-15 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         xfun        0.3     2018-07-06 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    
                         yaml        2.2.0   2018-07-25 CRAN (R 3.5.1)                    

                          dapengde missfont.log 文件

                          可以这样查看缺失字体

                          tlmgr search --file --global "qtmb.pfb"
                          tlmgr.pl: package repository https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet (verified)
                          tex-gyre:
                          	texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/tex-gyre/qtmb.pfb

                          把 tex-gyre 安装再试试

                            Cloud2016 tex-gyre 安装了,仍然编译不成功。看起来仍然是字体缺失的问题。

                            tctcab 哈哈,对,注释掉这一行确实可以跳过这一步了,然而又遇见了跟 bookdown-pku 同样的问题(见log 文件):字体。

                            这两个模板都表现为:.tex 文件已经顺利生成了,并被 bookdown 移至默认的 _book/文件夹,但 pdf 文件没生成,而 bookdown 误以为生成了,想打开却打不开:

                            Output created: _book/pku.pdf
                            Error in tools::file_path_as_absolute(output_file) : 
                              file '_book/pku.pdf' does not exist

                            @yihui 我觉得 bookdown 在这里给的上述信息提示不大对头。

                            对于上述字体问题,我在 TeXStudio 下面编译了一下 bookdown 生成的 .tex文件,得到的错误提示是:

                            xdvipdfmx:fatal: Could not find encoding file "8r.enc". Output file removed.
                            
                            fwrite: Broken pipe xelatex.exe:
                            
                            Process exited with error(s)

                            于是就下载了个"8r.enc"文件,再编译,得到新的错误提示:

                            name = utmri8a, rootname = utmri8a, pointsize = mktexmf: empty or non-existent rootfile!
                            
                            kpathsea: Running mktexmf utmri8a.mf The command name is C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\mktexmf Cannot find utmri8a.mf . I try ps2pk --> gsftopk --> ttf2pk --> hbf2gf. Cannot find utmri8a.tfm .
                            
                            kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode / --bdpi 600 --mag 1+0/600 --dpi 600 utmri8a.pfb The command name is C:\Users\PengZhao\AppData\Roaming\TinyTeX\bin\win32\mktexpk kpathsea: Appending font creation commands to missfont.log. xdvipdfmx:fatal: Cannot proceed without .vf or "physical" font for PDF output... Output file removed.
                            
                            fwrite: Broken pipe
                            
                            xelatex.exe:
                            
                            Process exited with error(s)

                            里面稀里糊涂的东西太多,我目前止步于此了。

                              dapengde

                              看之前记录,是不是混装了多个latex库导致的啊…latex多了说不定会互相打架。

                                tctcab 嗯……有可能。我每次都是删掉上一个,再装下一个。但保不齐藏在某个地方的什么东西没删干净……改天装个虚拟系统,干干净净做实验。